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Azure Virtual Network

A Virtual Network (VNet) is a fundamental building block for your private network in Azure. It provides an isolated and secure environment for running your Azure resources such as VMs, Azure App Service Environments, and databases. VNets enable many types of Azure resources to securely communicate with each other, the internet, and on-premises networks.

  • Isolation and Segmentation: VNets provide isolation from other VNets and on-premises networks.

  • Communication: VNets allow Azure resources to communicate with each other and with the internet.

  • Customization: You can define subnets, assign custom private IP address ranges, configure route tables, and network security groups (NSGs) for VNets.

  • Integration: VNets can integrate with on-premises IT environments through VPNs or ExpressRoute.


Azure Virtual Network

Azure Virtual Network (VNet) is a foundational network service that allows you to securely connect Azure resources to each other, to the internet, and to on-premises networks. Azure VNets provide several key capabilities:



  • Isolation and Segmentation: VNets provide logical isolation of Azure resources.

  • Subnets: VNets can be segmented into subnets for organizing and securing resources.

  • Custom IP Address Space: VNets allow custom private IP address space in RFC 1918 ranges.

  • Network Security: You can use NSGs to control inbound and outbound traffic at the subnet or VM level.

  • Connectivity: VNets can connect to each other through VNet peering, to on-premises networks through VPN gateways or ExpressRoute, and to the internet.


Azure VPN Gateway

Azure VPN Gateway is a specific type of virtual network gateway that is used to send encrypted traffic between an Azure VNet and an on-premises location over the public internet. It can also be used to send encrypted traffic between Azure VNets.



  • Site-to-Site VPN: Connects on-premises networks to Azure VNets using IPsec/IKE (IKEv1 or IKEv2).

  • Point-to-Site VPN: Provides secure connections for individual clients to Azure VNets using SSTP or OpenVPN.

  • VNet-to-VNet: Connects Azure VNets to each other using VPN Gateway.

  • High Availability: Supports Active-Active mode for high availability and increased bandwidth.


Azure Virtual WAN

Azure Virtual WAN is a networking service that provides optimized and automated branch connectivity to Azure VNets and other Azure services. It simplifies large-scale branch connectivity and offers a unified and secure solution for branch-to-Azure and branch-to-branch connectivity.



  • Global Transit Network: Provides a global transit network architecture with scale and performance benefits.

  • Hub-and-Spoke Architecture: Uses Azure hubs to connect VNets and on-premises networks.

  • Managed VPN: Automates site-to-site VPN configuration.

  • ExpressRoute: Integrates with ExpressRoute for private, high-performance connectivity.

  • Branch Connectivity: Supports SD-WAN devices for branch connectivity.

  • Security: Integrates with Azure Firewall and third-party security solutions.


Comparison

Feature

Azure Virtual Network (VNet)

Azure VPN Gateway

Azure Virtual WAN

Primary Use

Isolated networking

Secure on-prem to Azure

Large-scale branch connectivity

Key Capabilities

Subnet segmentation, NSGs

Site-to-Site, Point-to-Site, VNet-to-VNet

Global transit network, automated VPN, SD-WAN integration

Connectivity

VNet peering, VPN, ExpressRoute

IPsec/IKE VPN connections

Hub-and-Spoke, ExpressRoute, SD-WAN

Security

NSGs, firewalls

Encrypted VPN tunnels

Integrated security with Azure Firewall

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